Esthetics Sanitation, Disinfection, and Safety Practice Test 2026 – Your All-in-One Guide to Exam Success!

The correct answer is natural immunity, which refers to the body's inherent ability to resist disease. This form of immunity stems from genetic factors passed down from parents and can also be influenced by lifestyle choices, such as nutrition, exercise, and exposure to pathogens that enhance the immune system's functionality.

Natural immunity provides the first line of defense against infections through physical barriers, chemical mediators, and immune responses. This type of immunity is important for overall health, as it establishes a baseline level of protection that helps the body recognize and respond to pathogens more effectively.

Other types of immunity, such as acquired immunity, involve specific responses to foreign invaders, typically following exposure to disease or vaccination. Passive immunity refers to the temporary protection gained from receiving antibodies from another source, such as maternal antibodies, while active immunity develops when the body is exposed to an infectious agent and produces its own antibodies. Understanding these distinctions helps clarify how natural immunity is a unique interplay of genetics and lifestyle factors that support overall health.